During anti-gravity ankle inversion MMT, where is the resistance applied?

During anti-gravity ankle inversion MMT, where is the resistance applied?

• A. Across the ankle joint
• B. Down at lateral border of the forefoot
• C. Down at medial border of the forefoot
• D. Across the heel

Answer: (C)

The movement being tested is inversion of the foot, primarily produced by the tibialis posterior (with contribution from tibialis anterior). To isolate and challenge that invertor force against gravity, apply resistance on the medial border of the forefoot. Pushing there directs the resistance outward (toward eversion), so the patient must generate inward turning of the sole to counteract it. This forefoot, medial-location aligns with the primary muscles’ line of pull and provides a clear, localized resistance without introducing extra movements at the ankle joint or involving the heel. Resistance across the ankle joint, at the heel, or on the lateral forefoot would either test other motions or recruit different muscles, making the test less specific for inversion.

The movement being tested is inversion of the foot, primarily produced by the tibialis posterior (with contribution from tibialis anterior). To isolate and challenge that invertor force against gravity, apply resistance on the medial border of the forefoot. Pushing there directs the resistance outward (toward eversion), so the patient must generate inward turning of the sole to counteract it. This forefoot, medial-location aligns with the primary muscles’ line of pull and provides a clear, localized resistance without introducing extra movements at the ankle joint or involving the heel.

Resistance across the ankle joint, at the heel, or on the lateral forefoot would either test other motions or recruit different muscles, making the test less specific for inversion.